Arthritis refers to inflammation of one or more joints, which can cause pain and stiffness in the feet and ankles. The foot contains numerous small joints that absorb impact with every step, but these complex structures are prone to wear and tear over time. Understanding the specific type of arthritis aids in proper management.
What Is Arthritis?
The foot comprises many joints, and any of them can be affected by the inflammation associated with arthritis. The most common form affecting the foot is osteoarthritis, which involves the gradual degeneration of articular cartilage. This protective cushioning wears away, and the bones eventually rub against each other, causing discomfort and limited motion.
What Causes It?
Several factors contribute to the development of arthritis in the lower extremities. A past traumatic injury, such as a broken bone or severe sprain, damages the cartilage, leading to post-traumatic arthritis years later. Excess body weight places additional stress on the foot joints, so maintaining a healthy weight helps reduce the risk of developing the condition. Genetics also plays a role in susceptibility, as family history increases the likelihood of specific structural issues.
What Are the Symptoms?
Symptoms vary depending on the specific location, but pain and tenderness are common. The affected joint may feel warm to the touch, with redness developing in the surrounding skin. Stiffness may be worse after periods of inactivity, such as sleeping or sitting. Over time, visible deformities or bone spurs may develop, further restricting the range of motion.
How Is Daily Life Affected?
The impact on daily life is often substantial because foot pain directly limits mobility and independence. Simple activities like walking to the store, climbing stairs, or standing while cooking become arduous tasks due to the discomfort. Patients may find it difficult to wear standard shoes, for swelling or deformities often require specialized footwear to accommodate changes in foot shape.
This reduction in physical activity can lead to other health complications, such as weight gain or cardiovascular issues. Chronic pain and loss of mobility may also affect a patient’s sense of well-being, and this reduces their overall quality of life. Managing the condition with a medical professional’s help is beneficial.
What Are the Treatment Options?
Non-surgical options are often the first treatment for arthritic pain in the feet. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) help reduce inflammation, while corticosteroid injections provide targeted relief directly into the joint space. Physical therapy strengthens the muscles around the ankle and foot and improves stability during movement to prevent further injury.
Assistive devices also provide relief for many patients by altering the mechanics of the foot. Bracing or splinting restricts motion to decrease pain, and custom orthotics redistribute weight to relieve pressure on sensitive areas. These mechanical interventions support the foot structure, allowing for more comfortable daily function without invasive procedures.
Medical professionals may prescribe immunosuppressant medications if a patient has inflammatory types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis. If conservative methods fail to provide adequate relief, arthritis surgery helps restore function. Consulting a specialist determines the most appropriate course of action, and they base their decision on the severity of the condition and the patient’s goals.
Improve Your Daily Life Now
Living with foot arthritis is complex, but effective management strategies exist to help patients maintain their quality of life. Early diagnosis allows for a wider range of treatment options, helping to prevent further joint deterioration. Schedule an appointment with a podiatrist today to discuss a personalized treatment plan tailored to your needs.
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