Colon cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States. Understanding this condition, its causes, and treatment options can help patients make informed decisions about their care. Here is more information on the basics of colon cancer, from initial symptoms to surgical treatment options performed by a colon cancer surgeon:
What Is Colon Cancer?
Colon cancer develops when cells in the large intestine grow abnormally and form tumors. The condition typically begins as small, benign growths called polyps that can become cancerous over time. Most colon cancers start in the inner lining of the colon and can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated.
The disease progresses through different stages, from localized tumors to more advanced cases where cancer spreads to nearby lymph nodes or distant organs. Early-stage colon cancer may respond well to treatment, while advanced cases require more comprehensive approaches. A colon cancer surgeon specializes in removing these tumors and helping patients achieve the best possible outcomes.
What Causes It?
Several factors contribute to the development of colon cancer, though the exact cause varies among individuals. Age is a significant risk factor, with the majority of cases occurring in individuals over 50 years old. Family history of colon cancer or certain genetic conditions also increases the likelihood of developing this disease.
Lifestyle factors play a role in colon cancer development. Diets high in red meat and processed foods, combined with low fiber intake, may increase risk. Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and lack of physical activity also contribute to higher rates of colon cancer.
What Are the Symptoms?
Colon cancer symptoms can be subtle in early stages, making regular screening particularly valuable. Changes in bowel habits represent one of the most common early signs, including persistent diarrhea, constipation, or changes in stool consistency. Blood in the stool, whether visible or detected through testing, often indicates the presence of tumors.
Abdominal symptoms may accompany colon cancer. Persistent cramping, pain, or discomfort in the lower abdomen potentially signals the presence of tumors. Unexplained bloating or a feeling that the bowel doesn’t empty completely can also occur.
How Can a Colon Cancer Surgeon Help?
A colon cancer surgeon brings specialized expertise in diagnosing and treating colorectal cancers. These medical professionals conduct comprehensive evaluations to assess the extent of the disease and develop personalized treatment plans. Their training focuses specifically on surgical techniques for removing colon tumors while preserving as much normal function as possible.
Diagnostic procedures performed by these surgeons help determine the size, location, and stage of tumors, which guide treatment decisions. Treatment planning involves discussing surgical options and expected outcomes with patients to enable informed decision-making. The surgeon explains different surgical approaches and helps patients understand what to expect during recovery.
What Does Surgery Entail?
Colon cancer surgery removes the tumor along with surrounding healthy tissue and nearby lymph nodes. The specific procedure depends on the tumor’s location, size, and stage of development. Most surgeries aim to remove the cancerous section while reconnecting healthy portions of the colon to maintain normal digestive function. Follow-up care after surgery includes regular monitoring to detect any signs of cancer recurrence.
Learn More About Colon Cancer
Understanding colon cancer helps patients make informed decisions about screening, treatment, and ongoing care. Working with a qualified colon cancer surgeon provides access to specialized expertise and advanced treatment options. These professionals guide patients through diagnosis, treatment planning, and surgical intervention when needed. Contact a colon cancer specialist today to learn more about the treatment options available for your specific situation.
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